Forensic Investigation
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Forensic Investigation is the implementation of scientific processes and methodologies for the collection and examination of physical evidence for legal proceedings. Forensic Investigation is based on Locard’s Exchange Principle which states that, “Every contact leaves an imprint”. Physical evidence plays a crucial role in forensic investigation as it serves as a bedrock to deliver unbiased, fact based valuable information, reconstruct the events, corroborate individuals involved in the illegal acts making them vital to seek justice.
Forensic investigation is a vast field and it includes Document analysis and Verification, Signature analysis and Verification, Crime Scene Investigation, Incident Reconstruction, Counterfeit Currency examination and many more.
Role of Forensic Investigator
Forensic investigation consists of systematic steps which are essential to ensure that correct collection and handling of evidence, analysis and evaluation has been done. Following are the steps which the forensic investigator takes into consideration during their investigation while maintaining chain of custody:
1.Crime Scene Preservation
2.Documentation of crime scene
3.Collection of Evidence using scientific methodology and techniques
4.Laboratory Analysis
5.Report Creation
6.Collaboration with Investigation
7.Judicial Proceedings (in some scenarios)
Above mentioned rigorous steps ensure that investigations are meticulous, methodical and scientifically justified to attain just results and maintain the integrity of the justice system
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Frequently Asked Questions
What is Locard’s Principle?
Locard’s principle states that “Every contact leaves an imprint”
What are the steps of Forensic Investigation?
Forensic investigation consists of systematic steps which the forensic investigator takes into consideration during their investigation while maintaining chain of custody and these are- Crime Scene Preservation, Documentation of crime scene, Collection of Evidence using scientific methodology and techniques, Laboratory Analysis, Report Creation, Collaboration with Investigation, Judicial Proceedings (in some scenarios).
How long does an investigation take?
There is no time period for an investigation to complete. It varies from case to case.
Who performs forensic investigation?
Forensic investigation is directed by police officers, forensic scientists, law officials and any professional who has an expertise in evidence present at the crime scene.
Are the findings presented by forensic experts acceptable in court?
Yes. Under section 45 of Indian Evidence Act 1872, forensic experts can present their findings in the form of a forensic report in front of court.
Can forensic evidence be questioned in court?
Yes. The opposing party may question the collection of forensic evidence, opinion of forensic experts and chain of custody to develop legitimate doubt in the eyes of the judge.
